Country | Military deaths | Civilian deaths | Jewish deaths | Total deaths |
Iceland  | - | 200 | - | 200 |
Confirmed losses of civilian sailors due to German attacks and mines. |
India  | 87.000 | 1.500.000 | - | 1.587.000 |
1939 Population of India included the present day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The war dead listed here are those reported by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, total deaths were 87,031.The 'Debt of Honour Register' from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission lists the 1.7m men and women of the Commonwealth forces who died during the two world wars.The preliminary 1945 data for Indian losses was, killed 24,338, missing 11,754, wounded 64,354 and POW 79,489.The pro-Japanese Indian National Army lost 2,615 dead and missing.Gurkhas recruited from Nepal fought with the British Indian Army during the Second World War. Sources for total Indian Empire civilian war dead range from 1.5 to 2.5 million as detailed below. John W. Dower estimated 1.5 million civilian deaths in the Bengal famine of 1943.Amartya Sen currently the Lamont University Professor at Harvard University has recently estimated that two to two and a half million fatalities may be more accurate.Werner Gruhl estimates the civilian death toll due to the Bengal famine of 1943 at 2,000,000. |
Iran  | 200 | - | - | 200 |
Losses during allied occupation in 1941. |
Iraq  | 500 | - | - | 500 |
Losses during Anglo-Iraqi War and UK occupation in 1941. |
Irland  | - | 200 | - | 200 |
Despite being neutral, Ireland suffered casualties. In 1995 Irish Taoiseach(Prime Minister)John Bruton claimed at least 10,000 Irish were killed serving in the British or Commonwealth armed forces.The civilian death figure includes 33 Irish merchantmen were killed when a U-Boat torpedoed the Irish Pine and deaths caused by the presumably accidental bombing of Ireland in three instances. |
Italy  | 301.400 | 145.100 | 8.000 | 454.500 |
The official Italian government accounting of World War II 1940–45 losses listed the following data.Total military dead and missing from 1940–45 were 291,376, losses prior to the September 8, 1943 Armistice with Italy totaled 204,346 ( 66,686 killed, 111,579 missing, 26,081 died of disease), after the September 8, 1943 Armistice with Italy, 87,030 (42,916 killed, 19,840 missing, 24,274 died of disease). Losses by branch of service: Army 201,405; Navy 22,034; Air Force 9,096; Colonial Forces 354; Chaplains 91; Fascist militia 10,066; Paramilitary 3,252; not indicated 45,078. Military Losses by theatre of war: Italy 74,725 (37,573 post armistice); France 2,060 (1,039 post armistice); Germany 25,430 (24,020 post armistice); Greece, Albania & Yugoslavia 49,459 (10,090 post armistice); USSR 82,079 (3,522 post armistice); Africa 22,341 (1,565 post armistice), at sea 28,438 (5,526 post armistice); other and unknown 6,844 (3,695 post armistice). POW losses are included with military losses mentioned above. Civilian losses were 153,147 ( 123,119 post armistice) including 61,432 (42,613 post armistice) in air attacksA brief summary of data from this report can be found online. There were in addition to these losses the deaths of African soldiers conscripted by Italy which were estimated by the Italian military at 10,000 in East African Campaign of 1940–41.73. Civilian losses as a result of the fighting in Italian Libya were estimated by an independent Russian journalist to be 10,000. Included in the losses are 64,000 victims of Nazi reprisals and genocide including 30,000 POWs and 8,500 Jews17.Soviet sources list the deaths of 28,000 of the 49,000 Italian war prisoners in Soviet Union 1942-1954.Military losses in Italy after the September 1943 Armistice with Italy, included 5,927 with the Allies, 17,488 Italian resistance movement fighters and 13,000 RSI Italian Social Republic Fascist forces.The genocide of Roma people was 1,000 persons.Jewish Holocaust victims totaled 8,562. |
Japan  | 2.120.000 | 580.000 | - | 2.700.000 |
1939 Japanese population includes 1.7 million Japanese in China and Korea. John W. Dower reported that Japanese government figures list the military deaths of 1,740,955 from 1937–45. The details are as follows: 185,647 in China from 1937–41 and 1,555,308 from 1941–45 in the Pacific War. Army - Against US- 485,717; Against UK/Netherlands-208,026; In China-202,958; Against Australia -199,511; French Indochina -2,803; Against USSR -7,483; Other overseas -23,388; Japan proper -10,543. Navy 1941/45 -414,879."only one third of the military deaths occurred in actual combat, the majority being caused by illness and starvation". In addition there were the deaths of prisoners after the surrender. According to John W. Dower; the "Known deaths of Japanese troops awaiting repatriation in Allied (non-Soviet) hands were listed as 81,090 by U.S. authorities". An additional 300,000 Japanese prisoners died in Soviet hands after the surrender in Manchuria, Korea and the U.S.S.R.9,297-299. The Japanese Ministry of Welfare and Foreign Office reported that 347,000 military personnel and civilians were dead or missing in Soviet hands after the war. The Japanese list the losses of 199,000 in Manchurian transit camps, 36,000 in North Korea, 9,000 from Sakhalin and 103,000 in the U.S.S.R..These figures were disputed by the Soviet Union, which reported the deaths of only about 60,000 of the 609,400 Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union . Military deaths include Koreans (14,527) and Chinese from Taiwan(30,304)conscripted by Japan. Not included in Japanese war dead are 432,000 Chinese military forces collaborating with Japan. John W. Dower reports civilian losses due to U.S. Strategic bombing according to official Japanese figures were 393,367 dead, including 210,000 killed in the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and 97,031 in the Bombing of Tokyo in World War II. In addition to these deaths 150,000 civilians were killed on Okinawa and 10,000 on Saipan during the fighting.War related deaths of Japanese merchant marine personnel were 27,000. The Yasukuni Shrine in Japan lists a total of 2,325,128 military deaths from 1937–1945 including civilians who participated in combat, Chinese(Taiwan) and Koreans in the Japanese Armed Forces. |
Korea  | - | 378.000 | - | 378.000 |
Sources for total Korean civilian war dead range from 378,000 to 533,000 as detailed below. The American researcher R. J. Rummel's estimates 378,000 Korean dead due to forced labor in Japan and Manchuria. According to Rummel "Information on Korean deaths under Japanese occupation is difficult to uncover. We do know that 5,400,000 Koreans were conscripted for labor beginning in 1939, but how many died can only be roughly estimated.". John W. Dower has reported "Between 1939 and 1945, close to 670,000 Koreans were brought to Japan for fixed terms of work, mostly in mines and heavy industry, and it has been estimated that 60,000 or more of them died under harsh conditions of their work places. Over 10,000 others were probably killed in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki". Werner Gruhl estimates the civilian death toll due to the war and Japanese occupation at 483,000 and an additional 50,000 deaths of Koreans conscripted in the Japanese military service. A Korean demographic study reports "the mortality level and the course of mortality changes among Koreans in Korea during the war, appear not to have been much affected. Even for all Koreans living in Korea, Japan and Manchuria, the impact of World War II on the trend and level of mortality is not likely to have been significant. The same source reports '6,369 Koreans to have died in the Japanese military forces, and the number rises to 14,527 when civilians attached to the military forces is added'". Korean military forces fighting against Japan were the Korean Liberation Army under Chinese Nationalist command and the Korean Volunteer Army which fought with the Chinese Communist guerrillas. |
Latvia  | - | 147.000 | 80.000 | 227.000 |
Includes civilian losses due to war (220,000) and Soviet occupation in 1940–41(7,000). Does not include military dead with Soviet(13,000) and German Armed Forces (24,000).Total deaths from 1940–53 due the war and the Soviet occupation were 287,000(14% of the population)The genocide of Roma people was 2,500 persons.Jewish Holocaust victims totaled 80,000. |
Lithuania  | - | 212.000 | 141.000 | 353.000 |
Includes civilian losses due to war (345,000) and Soviet occupation in 1940–41(8,000). Does not include military dead with Soviet (27,000) and German Armed Forces (8,000).Total deaths from 1940–1953 due the war and the Soviet occupation were 448,000(15% of the population)The genocide of Roma people was 1,000 person.Jewish Holocaust victims totaled 141,000. |
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