Holocaust timeline 1943

1 - 17 January 1943	The number of Jews killed by SS Einsatzgruppen passes one million. Nazis then use special units of slave laborers to dig up and burn the bodies to remove all traces.
18 January 1943	First resistance by Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto.
29 January 1943	Nazis order all gypsies arrested and sent to extermination camps.
30 January 1943	Ernst Kaltenbrunner succeeds Heydrich as head of RSHA.
1 February 1943	The Romanian government proposes to the Allies the transfer of 70,000 Jews to Palestine, but receives no response from Britain or the U.S. Greek Jews are ordered into ghettos.
2 February 1943	Germans surrender to Russian troops at Stalingrad in the first big defeat of Hitler's armies.
27 February 1943	Jews working in Berlin armaments industry are sent to Auschwitz.
1 March 1943	The start of deportations of Jews from Greece to Auschwitz, lasting until August, totaling 49,900 persons. In New York, American Jews hold a mass rally at Madison Square Garden to pressure the U.S. government into helping the Jews of Europe.
14 March 1943	The Krakow Ghetto is liquidated.
17 March 1943	Bulgaria states opposition to deportation of its Jews.
22 March 1943	Newly built gas chamber/crematory IV opens at Auschwitz.
31 March 1943	Newly built gas chamber/crematory II opens at Auschwitz.
4 April 1943	Newly built gas chamber/crematory V opens at Auschwitz.
9 April 1943	Exterminations at Chelmno cease. The camp will be reactivated in the spring of 1944 to liquidate ghettos. In all, Chelmno will total 300,000 deaths.
19 April 1943	Waffen-SS attacks Jewish Resistance in Warsaw Ghetto.
20 - 30 April 1943	The Bermuda Conference occurs as representatives from the United States and Britain discuss the problem of refugees from Nazi-occupied countries, but results in inaction concerning the plight of the Jews.
1 -12 May 1943	SS Dr. Josef Mengele arrives at Auschwitz.
13 May 1943	German and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allies.
19 May 1943	Nazis declare Berlin to be Judenfrei (cleansed of Jews).
11 June 1943	Himmler orders liquidation of all Jewish ghettos in occupied Poland.
25 June 1943	Newly built gas chamber/crematory III opens at Auschwitz. With its completion, the four new crematories at Auschwitz have a daily capacity of 4,756 bodies.
9 July 1943	Allied troops land in Sicily.
2 August 1943	Two hundred Jews escape from Treblinka extermination camp during a revolt. Nazis then hunt them down one by one.
16 August 1943	The Bialystok Ghetto is liquidated.
17 - 31 August 1943	Exterminations cease at Treblinka, after an estimated 870,000 deaths.
1 - 10 September 1943	The Vilna and Minsk Ghettos are liquidated.
11 September 1943	Germans occupy Rome, after occupying northern and central Italy, containing in all about 35,000 Jews. Beginning of Jewish family transports from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz.
1 - 3 Ocober 1943	The Danish Underground helps transport 7,220 Danish Jews to safety in Sweden by sea.
4 Ocober 1943	Himmler talks openly about the Final Solution at Posen.
14 Ocober 1943	Massive escape from Sobibor as Jews and Soviet POWs break out, with 300 making it safely into nearby woods. Of those 300, fifty will survive. Exterminations then cease at Sobibor, after over 250,000 deaths. All traces of the death camp are then removed and trees are planted.
16 Ocober 1943	Jews in Rome rounded up, with over 1,000 sent to Auschwitz.
1 - 2 November 1943	The Riga Ghetto is liquidated. The U.S. Congress holds hearings regarding the U.S. State Department's inaction regarding European Jews, despite mounting reports of mass extermination.
3 November 1943	Nazis carry out Operation Harvest Festival in occupied Poland, killing 42,000 Jews.
4 November 1943	Quote from Nazi newspaper, Der Stürmer, published by Julius Streicher - "It is actually true that the Jews have, so to speak, disappeared from Europe and that the Jewish 'Reservoir of the East' from which the Jewish pestilence has for centuries beset the peoples of Europe has ceased to exist. But the Führer of the German people at the beginning of the war prophesied what has now come to pass."
11 November 1943	Auschwitz Kommandant Höss is promoted to chief inspector of concentration camps. The new kommandant, Liebehenschel, then divides up the vast Auschwitz complex of over 30 sub-camps into three main sections.
2 December 1943	The first transport of Jews from Vienna arrives at Auschwitz.
16 December 1943	The chief surgeon at Auschwitz reports that 106 castration operations have been performed.

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